- Ponente: Filippos Exadaktylos (Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona)
- Día: 9 de abril de 2019
- Hora: 12:30 – 13:30
- Lugar: Salón de Grados – José Palanco (edificio nuevo de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, sótano)
Actividad enmarcada en nuestra serie de seminarios “Antropología, cultura y comportamiento”
La charla será en español en la medida de lo posible
Título: Social Norms under Good and Bad Governance
Autores: Filippos Exadaktylos, Jonas Fooken, Nikolaos Georgantzis, Antonios Proestakis y Benedikt Herrmann
Resumen: Differences across countries in social norms of cooperation may reflect differences in contemporary institutions rather than fundamental cultural differences. We use World Values Survey data from eighty countries to show that social norms are not correlated with a country’s social capital, as the cultural hypothesis would imply. Instead, country differences are better explained by the effect that the institutional environment of a country, as measured by its Quality of Governance (QoG), can have on the link between social capital and social norms. We show that under good governance (in high-QoG countries), social capital and social norms of civic cooperation are positively related, while under bad governance (in low-QoG countries) they are negatively related. In high-QoG countries individuals with high social capital think cheating the state is unacceptable, while individuals with low social capital are more accepting of this behavior. By contrast, in low-QoG countries those with high social capital are more accepting of cheating the state than those with low social capital. Importantly, the moderating effect of QoG on social norms holds only for civic behaviors that involve the intermediation of governmental institutions, such as paying taxes or refraining from exploiting public funds, but not for other social behaviors, making the distinction between social and civic cooperation crucial. To address causality in the relationship between QoG and social norms, we run a multi-country experimental study in 16 countries with varying QoG, employing a public goods game (PGG). We compare treatments in which we measure social behavior (PGG contributions) to treatments in which we measure civic behavior (PGG contributions that are described as tax payments). We also measure social norms for both behaviors by measuring free-riders’ willingness to pay to remain anonymous i.e., we measure shame associated with free riding that reflects (un)acceptability of behavior. We establish that QoG has a casual effect on social norms by showing that it predicts the difference in strength of social norms between the two treatments. These results contribute to our understanding of cooperative behavior among humans and of possible moderators of cooperativeness when higher levels of human organization, such as larger groups, societies and countries, rely on cooperation within their formal institutional frameworks.
Bio: Filippos Exadaktylos es Doctor en Economía del Comportamiento por la Universidad de Granada. El Dr. Exadaktylos ha trabajado como investigador posdoctoral para Istanbul Bilgi University (Turquía) y la Comisión Europea (Ispra JRC, Italia), como profesor de Economía en Middlesex University London y como investigador Marie Curie en University of Reading (ambas en Reino Unido). Desde 2018 es investigador posdoctoral en el Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Su trabajo de investigación se centra en la Economía Experimental y del Comportamiento, en particular, en el campo del estudio de las normas cívicas y el comportamiento social. El Dr. Exadaktylos ha publicado su investigación en revistas internacionales de renombre como Nature Scientific Reports, Plos ONE, Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience y Economics Letters.
Antonio M. Espín
Athenea3i Research fellow
Department of Social Anthropology & Granada Lab of Behavioral Economics (GLoBE)
Campus de la Cartuja s/n
Universidad de Granada